Africa’s Industrialization by 2030: The Urgent Need for Skilled Non-Tech Workers

By Kebbi Daily News on Mon Jul 21 2025

Industrialization demands foundational skills like welding, carpentry, and mechanical maintenance, alongside intermediate skills in supply chain management and quality assurance.

Africa’s industrialization agenda, driven by initiatives like the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) and the Third Industrial Development Decade for Africa (IDDA III), demands hundreds of thousands of skilled workers by 2030 to transform economies and reduce poverty. Unlike the tech sector’s focus on digital skills, industrialization requires expertise in manufacturing, construction, and agribusiness to create jobs and boost productivity.

The Scale of the Challenge

Africa’s population is projected to hit 1.65 billion by 2030, with a working-age population of 800 million, per the World Bank. Yet, only 3 million formal jobs are created annually against 8-11 million new labor market entrants, per Afrobarometer. Industrialization, particularly in manufacturing, can absorb low- to semi-skilled workers, unlike tech-heavy sectors. The World Bank estimates that business-to-business manufacturing spending will reach $666.3 billion by 2030, requiring skilled labor in non-tech fields to capture opportunities like the 100 million labor-intensive jobs leaving China.

Key Sectors Driving Demand

Manufacturing: Africa’s manufacturing sector, contributing 10% to GDP, needs workers skilled in machine operation, quality control, and assembly. Ethiopia’s industrial parks, employing 80,000 in textile factories, exemplify this shift, per UNIDO.

Construction: Infrastructure deficits—50% of Africans lack electricity—require masons, welders, and electricians for projects like the Grand Inga Hydropower Dam, potentially generating 40GW.

Agribusiness: Processing crops like cocoa or groundnuts demands skills in food safety, packaging, and logistics. Nigeria’s rice milling sector, for instance, employs thousands but needs more trained workers.

Skills Needed and Training Gaps

Industrialization demands foundational skills like welding, carpentry, and mechanical maintenance, alongside intermediate skills in supply chain management and quality assurance. Unlike tech roles requiring coding, these jobs need vocational training in practical trades. However, Africa’s skills gap is stark: only 2% of Sub-Saharan African youth access vocational training, per UNESCO. Current education systems prioritize academic degrees, leaving 70% of employers citing skill shortages as a barrier, per the World Economic Forum.

Strategies to Meet the Demand

Vocational Training Expansion: Governments must scale Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) programs. Nigeria’s ITF trains 20,000 artisans annually, but millions more are needed. Public-private partnerships, like Zambia’s Industrial Training Academy, can bridge gaps.

Regional Collaboration: AfCFTA facilitates intra-African trade, enabling knowledge transfer. Countries like Morocco, with advanced manufacturing, can train workers from less-developed nations, per ECA.

Policy Support: Incentives like tax breaks for firms investing in training, as seen in Rwanda, can boost skill development. Governments should prioritize labor-intensive sectors, per the World Bank.

Sustainable Practices: Training must emphasize green manufacturing to align with IDDA III’s 2024 theme of AI and green industrialization, reducing environmental impact.

2030 Outlook

By 2030, Africa could create 15 million jobs annually if TVET scales up, per the IMF. Failure to train skilled workers risks missing $400 billion in manufacturing opportunities. Investments in infrastructure and education are critical to harness the demographic dividend.

Africa’s industrialization hinges on training hundreds of thousands in non-tech skills by 2030. Vocational programs and regional cooperation can unlock this potential, driving economic transformation.

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